Description
The concept of National Systems of Innovation was introduced as a method to describe the various elements which contribute to innovation performance and their interaction. In this book, the innovation structures of a broad set of countries are compared. It provides more than a pure compilation of quantitative indicators for international benchmarking, supporting an appropriate interpretation of the referring results and suggesting relevant conclusions for innovation policy. Preface. Part 1. Introduction and Summary. 1.1 Technological Performance – Concept and Practice; H. Legler et al. Part 2. The Origin of Knowledge: Research and Development. 2.1 R&D Activities in the German Business Sector; H. Legler et al. 2.2 The Global Distribution of R&D Activities; H. Legler, O. Krawczyk. 2.3 Internationalisation of Industrial R&D; H. Belitz et al. Part 3. Performance Indicators of NSI. 3.1 Scientific Performance in an International Comparison; U. Schmoch. 3.2 Technological Structures and Performance as Reflected by Patent Indicators; R. Frietsch, U. Schmoch. 3.3 Innovation in Firms; C. Rammer. Part 4. Structural Change and Performance of the NSI. 4.1 Economic Performance of Technology Sectors; D. Schumacher. 4.2 Technology-based Start-ups; C. Rammer. 4.3 Diffusion of Information and Communication Technology; T. Hempell. Part 5. Education as a Base for NSI. 5.1 Education Structures and Highly Skilled Employment in Europe – A Comparison; R. Frietsch, B. Gehrke. 5.2 Challenges to the German Dual System; A.Uhly et al. 5.3 Higher Education Indicators; J. Egeln, C. Heine. 5.4 Germany’s Education System in an International Perspective – An Analysis in Relation to Innovation; D. Dohmen. Part 6. Policies for Improving NSI. 6.1 Trends in Innovation Policy: An International Comparison; C. Rammer. Part 7. Annex. 7.1 References. 7.2 Abbreviations. 7.3 About the Authors.
